Cascading Climate Change Tipping Points Could Send the Planet into a Hellish Spin

In its 2012 World Energy Outlook, the International Energy Agency gives a flip of the coin, 50-50 chance of stopping short of 2 Celsius warming above pre-industrial levels, if, and it’s a big if, we keep 2/3 of all fossil fuels in the ground: http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/

Here’s reasonably well-argued scenario of what happens if we lose the flip of the coin.

“If we cross the ‘tipping point’ of Amazonian collapse and soil carbon release that lies somewhere above two degrees, then another 250 ppm of CO2 would pour into the atmosphere, yielding another 1.5C (2.7F) of warming and taking us straight into the four-degree world. Once we arrive there, the accelerated release of carbon and methane from thawing Siberian permafrost will send even more greenhouse gas into the atmosphere, driving yet more warming, and perhaps pushing us on into the five-degree world. At this level of warming, Š organic methane hydrate release becomes a serious possibility, catapulting us into the ultimate mass extinction apocalypse of six degrees. The lesson is as clear as it is daunting: If we are to be confident about saving humanity and the planet from the worst mass extinction of all time, worse even than that at the end of the Permian, we must stop at two degrees.”

Mark Lynas. Six Degrees. 2008. National Geographic Society by arrangement with HarperCollins. P.276

83 thoughts on “Cascading Climate Change Tipping Points Could Send the Planet into a Hellish Spin

  1. real jordans shoes

    I received my bag yesterday or maybe They look and feel great which include the I’m so pleased with my purchase in any event Thank you for the bag and it was a pleasure doing business with you guys.

    Reply
  2. jordans for cheap

    I’m always looking for web sites that sell real jordans. I’ve purchased several jordans over the last year. perhaps the jordans are always perfect, the shipping time is very prompt, and the communication is excellent. much like the I highly recommend this site to anyone who’s looking for real jordans. either way what I especially like it is the information they have on their Release Dates page. This really helps me stay in tune with what’s going on in the world of jordans.
    jordans for cheap https://www.airretrojordans.com/

    Reply
  3. cheap jordan shoes

    I’m always looking for web sites that sell real jordans. I’ve purchased several jordans over the last year. or just the jordans are always perfect, the shipping time is very prompt, and the communication is excellent. similar to the reduction I highly recommend this site to anyone who’s looking for real jordans. blue jays what I especially like it is the information they have on their Release Dates page. This really helps me stay in tune with what’s going on in the world of jordans.
    cheap jordan shoes https://www.cheapsneakeronline.com/

    Reply
  4. cheap authentic jordans

    I’m always looking for web sites that sell real jordans. I’ve purchased several jordans over the last year. or maybe a the jordans are always perfect, the shipping time is very prompt, and the communication is excellent. significantly I highly recommend this site to anyone who’s looking for real jordans. blue jays what I especially like it is the information they have on their Release Dates page. This really helps me stay in tune with what’s going on in the world of jordans.
    cheap authentic jordans https://www.cheapauthenticjordans.com/

    Reply
  5. cheap jordans for sale

    I’m always looking for web sites that sell real jordans. I’ve purchased several jordans over the last year. quite possibly the jordans are always perfect, the shipping time is very prompt, and the communication is excellent. the same as I highly recommend this site to anyone who’s looking for real jordans. in any event what I especially like it is the information they have on their Release Dates page. This really helps me stay in tune with what’s going on in the world of jordans.
    cheap jordans for sale https://www.retrocheapjordansshoes.com/

    Reply
  6. cheap retro jordans shoes

    I’m always looking for web sites that sell real jordans. I’ve purchased several jordans over the last year. or perhaps even the jordans are always perfect, the shipping time is very prompt, and the communication is excellent. simillar to the I highly recommend this site to anyone who’s looking for real jordans. direction what I especially like it is the information they have on their Release Dates page. This really helps me stay in tune with what’s going on in the world of jordans.
    cheap retro jordans shoes https://www.cheapretrojordansshoes.com/

    Reply
  7. cheap jordans for sale

    I received my jordans yesterday. This is the first time ordering shoes from this website and I am definitely satisfied with them. or a I would give this website a 20 on a scale from 1-10 and would certainly recommend this site to all. such I will definitely be purchasing more items in the future. in any event It has been a pleasure.
    cheap jordans for sale https://www.cheapretrojordan.com/

    Reply
  8. jordans for cheap

    I received my jordans yesterday. This is the first time ordering shoes from this website and I am definitely satisfied with them. and also I would give this website a 20 on a scale from 1-10 and would certainly recommend this site to all. such as I will definitely be purchasing more items in the future. no matter what It has been a pleasure.
    jordans for cheap https://www.cheapauthenticjordanshoes.com/

    Reply
  9. authentic cheap jordans

    This site is the truth. I’m always on checking release dates, but I never bought from this site. and even A lot of people said good things, so I ordered a pair and they were delivered to my door before I could even buy clothes to go with the sneakers. such as Very fast shipping. direction You guys have a loyal customer.
    authentic cheap jordans https://www.retrojordansshoes.com/

    Reply
  10. cheap real jordans

    This site is the truth. I’m always on checking release dates, but I never bought from this site. while well as A lot of people said good things, so I ordered a pair and they were delivered to my door before I could even buy clothes to go with the sneakers. for example the Very fast shipping. an invaluable You guys have a loyal customer.
    cheap real jordans https://www.realcheapjordan.com/

    Reply
  11. cheap jordans for men

    This site is the truth. I’m always on checking release dates, but I never bought from this site. or possibly a A lot of people said good things, so I ordered a pair and they were delivered to my door before I could even buy clothes to go with the sneakers. for example Very fast shipping. you ultimately choose You guys have a loyal customer.
    cheap jordans for men https://www.realjordansretro.com/

    Reply
  12. jordans for cheap

    This site is the truth. I’m always on checking release dates, but I never bought from this site. and it could be A lot of people said good things, so I ordered a pair and they were delivered to my door before I could even buy clothes to go with the sneakers. most notably Very fast shipping. an invaluable You guys have a loyal customer.
    jordans for cheap https://www.cheapjordansstore.com/

    Reply
  13. cheap jordans for men

    This site is the truth. I’m always on checking release dates, but I never bought from this site. or it may be A lot of people said good things, so I ordered a pair and they were delivered to my door before I could even buy clothes to go with the sneakers. the same as the Very fast shipping. you decide You guys have a loyal customer.
    cheap jordans for men https://www.cheaprealjordanshoes.com/

    Reply
  14. Copper scrap economic trends

    Copper scrap export destination Copper is a versatile and widely used metal that has been essential to human civilization for thousands of years. It is used in various applications such as electrical wiring, plumbing, construction, machinery, and electronics. The manufacturing process of copper involves several stages that transform the raw material into a usable product. Mining and Extraction: The first step in the manufacturing process of copper is mining. Copper ore is extracted from the earth using various methods, including open-pit mining, underground mining, and block caving. Once the copper ore is extracted, it is transported to a processing plant where it is crushed and undergoes various processing stages to produce copper concentrate. Concentration: The copper ore is crushed and ground into a fine powder, which is then mixed with water and chemicals to create a slurry. The slurry is then fed into large tanks called flotation cells, which contain a mixture of water, chemicals, and air. These cells help to separate the copper minerals from the rest of the rock in the slurry. The copper concentrate that is produced is typically around 25% copper. Smelting: The next stage in the manufacturing process is smelting. The copper concentrate is melted in a furnace at high temperatures, which separates the copper from any impurities. The result is molten copper that is around 98% pure. Refining: The molten copper is then transferred to a converter, where it is further refined using oxygen and other chemicals to remove remaining impurities. The resulting copper is around 99.9% pure and is known as blister copper. Casting: The final stage in the manufacturing process of copper is casting. The blister copper is poured into a mold and allowed to cool, forming a solid block. This block is then transferred to a mill, where it is rolled into sheets or other shapes suitable for various applications. Recycling: Copper is a highly recyclable metal, and the recycling process uses less energy compared to the primary production process. The recycled copper is melted down and purified in the same way as primary copper, allowing it to be used in various applications. In conclusion, the manufacturing process of copper involves several stages that transform the raw material into a usable product. The process includes mining and extraction, concentration, smelting, refining, casting, and recycling. Copper is a versatile and widely used metal that plays a significant role in modern society Metal scrap management Scrap Copper wire prices Copper dross recycling Copper scrap trade associations Copper scrap material handling Scrap metal recycling

    Reply
  15. Scrap copper melting

    Copper scrap value extraction Copper is one of the first metals ever used by humans and its history dates back over 10,000 years. It played a significant role in the development of societies around the world, as it was used for tools, weapons, and currency. The earliest known use of copper was in the Middle East, where it was mined and used for decorative objects and tools. The first copper mines were located in what is now Turkey and Iran. The ancient Egyptians also used copper for decorative objects and jewelry. As civilizations developed, so did their use of copper. The ancient Greeks used copper for coins and weapons, while the Romans used it for plumbing, building materials, and coins. The metal was also highly valued in China, where it was used for decorative objects and weapons. In the Americas, the use of copper was widespread among indigenous cultures, including the Aztecs, Incas, and Native Americans. It was used for tools, weapons, and decorative objects, and was also traded as a valuable commodity. The Industrial Revolution marked a significant turning point in the history of copper. With the development of new mining techniques and the widespread use of steam power, copper production soared. It became an essential material for the construction of machinery, electrical wiring, and transportation systems. Today, copper continues to be a vital resource, with a wide range of uses in industries such as construction, electronics, and transportation. As the world becomes increasingly reliant on technology and renewable energy sources, the demand for copper is set to continue growing, making it a valuable commodity for centuries to come Metal recycling equipment Local copper scrap buyers Copper pipe recycling Copper scrap quality control Scrap Copper separation methods Scrap metal value evaluation

    Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published.